{"id":317,"date":"2024-07-18T10:36:16","date_gmt":"2024-07-18T02:36:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cgh0610.cn\/?p=317"},"modified":"2024-07-18T10:36:16","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T02:36:16","slug":"linux%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cgh0610.cn\/?p=317","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\/var\/log\/auth.log \u548c \/var\/log\/secure \u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u8ba4\u8bc1\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u53ca\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u3002Debian\u53ca\u5176\u884d\u751f\u7248\uff08\u5982Ubuntu\uff09\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\/var\/log\/auth.log\uff0c\u800cRed Hat\u53ca\u5176\u884d\u751f\u7248\uff08\u5982CentOS\u3001Fedora\uff09\u5219\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\/var\/log\/secure\u3002<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6
\n \u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cat\u3001less\u3001tail\u3001grep\u7b49\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528cat\u547d\u4ee4
\n bash
\n cat \/var\/log\/auth.log # \u5bf9\u4e8eDebian\/Ubuntu\u7cfb\u7edf
\n cat \/var\/log\/secure # \u5bf9\u4e8eCentOS\/RedHat\u7cfb\u7edf
\n \u4f46\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u975e\u5e38\u5927\uff0ccat\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8f93\u51fa\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f60\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u6eda\u52a8\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u9605\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528less\u547d\u4ee4
\n less\u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u9010\u9875\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u67e5\u770b\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

bash
\n less \/var\/log\/auth.log # \u5bf9\u4e8eDebian\/Ubuntu\u7cfb\u7edf
\n less \/var\/log\/secure # \u5bf9\u4e8eCentOS\/RedHat\u7cfb\u7edf
\n \u5728less\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u754c\u9762\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5411\u952e\u6765\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6eda\u52a8\uff0c\u6309q\u952e\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528tail\u547d\u4ee4
\n \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u5bf9\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528tail\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0ctail\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u540e10\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

bash
\n tail \/var\/log\/auth.log # \u5bf9\u4e8eDebian\/Ubuntu\u7cfb\u7edf
\n tail \/var\/log\/secure # \u5bf9\u4e8eCentOS\/RedHat\u7cfb\u7edf
\n \u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528-n\u9009\u9879\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u663e\u793a\u7684\u884c\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982tail -n 50 \/var\/log\/auth.log\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u6700\u540e50\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528grep\u547d\u4ee4\u641c\u7d22\u7279\u5b9a\u5185\u5bb9
\n \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u5305\u542b\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u672c\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528grep\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

bash
\n grep ‘failed’ \/var\/log\/auth.log # \u641c\u7d22\u5305\u542b”failed”\u7684\u884c
\n grep ‘root’ \/var\/log\/secure # \u641c\u7d22\u5305\u542b”root”\u7684\u884c
\n \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879
\n \u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6743\u9650\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4ee5root\u7528\u6237\u6216\u4f7f\u7528sudo\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5b83\u4eec\u3002
\n \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u6216\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8def\u5f84\u3002
\n \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\/var\/log\/auth.log \u548c \/var\/log\/secure \u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u67e5\u627e\/var\/log\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528journalctl\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528systemd\uff09\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\/var\/log\/auth.log \u548c \/var\/log\/secure \u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u8ba4\u8bc1\u76f8\u5173 … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfbLinux\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"aside","meta":[],"categories":[74],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cgh0610.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/317"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cgh0610.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cgh0610.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cgh0610.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cgh0610.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=317"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cgh0610.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/317\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":318,"href":"https:\/\/www.cgh0610.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/317\/revisions\/318"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cgh0610.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=317"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cgh0610.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=317"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cgh0610.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=317"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}